Introduction
A robot is a machine capable of carrying out a complex series
of actions automatically.
A robot is also a machine resembling a human being and able to replicate certain human movements and functions.
According to the Encyclopedia Britannica a robot is "any automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it may not resemble human beings in appearance or perform functions in a humanlike manner."
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
A robot is also a machine resembling a human being and able to replicate certain human movements and functions.
According to the Encyclopedia Britannica a robot is "any automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it may not resemble human beings in appearance or perform functions in a humanlike manner."
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
The laws of
robotics
The laws of robotics are named after Isaac Asimov. The Three
Laws of Robotics are;
1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
4. There is also a fourth, or zeroth law, to precede the others: A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
4. There is also a fourth, or zeroth law, to precede the others: A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
Forms of
robot
Cartesian robot /Gantry robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations, handling machine tools and arc welding. It's a robot whose arm has three prismatic
joints, whose axes are coincident with a Cartesian coordinator.
Cylindrical robot: Used for assembly operations, handling at machine tools, spot welding, and handling at die-casting machines. It's a robot whose axes form a cylindrical coordinate system.
Spherical/Polar robot: Used for handling at machine tools, spot welding, die-casting, fettling machines, gas welding and arc welding. It's a robot whose axes form a polar coordinate system.
SCARA robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations and handling machine tools. It's a robot which has two parallel rotary joints to provide compliance in a plane.
Articulated robot: Used for assembly operations, die-casting, fettling machines, gas welding, arc welding and spray painting. It's a robot whose arm has at least three rotary joints.
Parallel robot: One use is a mobile platform handling cockpit flight simulators. It's a robot whose arms have concurrent prismatic or rotary joints.
Cartesian robot /Gantry robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations, handling machine tools and arc welding. It's a robot whose arm has three prismatic
joints, whose axes are coincident with a Cartesian coordinator.
Cylindrical robot: Used for assembly operations, handling at machine tools, spot welding, and handling at die-casting machines. It's a robot whose axes form a cylindrical coordinate system.
Spherical/Polar robot: Used for handling at machine tools, spot welding, die-casting, fettling machines, gas welding and arc welding. It's a robot whose axes form a polar coordinate system.
SCARA robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations and handling machine tools. It's a robot which has two parallel rotary joints to provide compliance in a plane.
Articulated robot: Used for assembly operations, die-casting, fettling machines, gas welding, arc welding and spray painting. It's a robot whose arm has at least three rotary joints.
Parallel robot: One use is a mobile platform handling cockpit flight simulators. It's a robot whose arms have concurrent prismatic or rotary joints.
Types of robots
1. Humanoids
2. Industrial robots
3. Microscopic nano robots
4. Telerobots
5. Service robots
6. Space probes
7. Mining robots
8. Domestic robots
9. Rescue robots
10. Medical bots
11. School bots
12. Mobile factory robots
13. Reconfigurable robots
Robots can be integrated
into control software and hardware such as AC and DC motors, encoders,
amplifiers e.t.c. Robots can also be integrated into part delivery systems such
as conveyors. They can be integrated with application software, interface
software, real time operating systems, communication protocols/networks and
programmable logic controllers.
Programming languages
Robotics could involve modification of known
programming languages like BASIC, Paschal or C.
Advantages and disadvantages of robotics.
Advantages.
1. No theft (robots do not steal)
2. Robots are precise and faster than humans
3. Robots make limited mistakes if programmed with quality control.
4. Robots perform dangerous jobs e.g cleaning radioactive waste or
manipulating explosive material.
Disadvantages.
1. Massive job losses and unemployment
2. Robots perform limited duties and can't act on impulse except if
they are programmed
3. Robots are expensive to build and maintain.
4. Robots require training crews always to fix them if anything wrong happens.
5. Robots cannot recharge themselves.
Degree of
motion
The six degrees of freedom: forward/back, up/down, left/right, pitch, yaw,
roll.
Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) refers to the freedom of movement of a rigid body
in three-dimensional space.
Specifically, the body is free to move forward/backward, up/down, left/right (translation
in three perpendicular axes) combined with rotation about three perpendicular
axes, often termed pitch, yaw, and roll.
An example of six degree of freedom movement is the motion of a ship at sea.
It is described as:
Translation:
1. Moving up and down (heaving)
2. Moving left and right (swaying)
3. Moving forward and backward (surging)
Rotation
1. Tilting forward and backward (pitching)
2. Turning left and right (yawing)
3. Tilting side to side (rolling).
Written by:-
Chukwujekwu Johnpaul
Telecommunication Engineer.
Links:
1. www.auburn.edu/~vestmon/
2. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_
3. www.openculture.com/2012/10/
4. asimov.wikia.com/wiki/Zeroth_
5. singularityhub.com/2011/05/10/
6. botsinc.com/types-of-robots/
1. www.auburn.edu/~vestmon/
2. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_
3. www.openculture.com/2012/10/
4. asimov.wikia.com/wiki/Zeroth_
5. singularityhub.com/2011/05/10/
6. botsinc.com/types-of-robots/
Nice one, keep it up.
ReplyDeleteGood article. Gets one started in robotics.
ReplyDelete